مخفی‌سازی اطلاعات مبتنی بر جاسازی ماتریسی و بردار حرکت در استاندارد HEVC

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی کامپیوتر، واحد مبارکه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مبارکه، اصفهان، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی کامپیوتر، واحد دولت آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

با رشد سریع اطلاعات، امنیت آن نیز از جمله موضوعاتی است که توجه زیادی به خود جلب کرده است. مخفی‌سازی اطلاعات یک روش مناسب برای تضمین امنیت اطلاعات مهم بر روی اینترنت است. استاندارد HEVC آخرین استاندارد فشرده‌سازی ویدئو تاکنون است که می‌توان از آن، جهت حمل اطلاعات مخفی استفاده کرد. در این مقاله روشی جدید به‌منظور مخفی‌سازی اطلاعات در ویدئوهای فشرده شده با استاندارد HEVC ارائه شده است. در روش پیشنهادی از بردارهای حرکت بلوک‌های پیشگویی بین‌قابی به عنوان حمل‌کننده‌ی اطلاعات استفاده شده است. مجموعه‌ای از بردارهای حرکت یک بلوک کدکننده در استاندارد HEVC جهت حمل رشته‌ای از بیت‌های مخفی انتخاب شده است و تنها یک مؤلفه از آن مجموعه به میزان یک واحد افزایش یا کاهش می‌یابد که باعث می‌شود نسبت پیک سیگنال به نویز تغییر چندانی نداشته باشد و نرخ بیت، بعد از جاسازی افزایش چندانی نشان ندهد. نتایج آزمایش‌ها نشان می‌دهد که میانگین نسبت سیگنال به نویز 0.21 دسی‌بل کاهش و نرخ بیت به طور میانگین 0.76 درصد افزایش یافته است. مقایسه‌ی روش پیشنهادی با سایر روش‌هایی که اخیراً ارائه شده‌اند برتری روش پیشنهادی را نشان می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Information Hiding Based on Matrix Embedding and Motion Vector in the HEVC Standard

نویسندگان [English]

  • Y. Saberi 1
  • M. R. Ramezanpour 1
  • R. Khorsand 2
1 Department of Computer Engineering, Mobarakeh branch, Islamic Azad University, Mobarakeh, Isfahan, Iran
2 Department of Computer Engineering, Dolatabad branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

With the rapid development of information, the security of information has gained more and more attention. Information hiding is a useful method to protect secret data through the internet. The High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC) standard is the latest video compression standard ever which can be used to carry hidden data. This paper presents a new method for hiding data in compressed videos using the HEVC standard. In the proposed method, the motion vectors of the inter prediction are used as data carriers. A set of motion vectors of an prediction unit in the HEVC standard is selected to carry a string of hidden data and only a component of that set increases or decreases by one unit, which does not change the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) significantly, and bit rate does not increase significantly after embedding of hidden data. The results of the experiments demonstrate that the average signal-to-noise ratio decreased by 0.21 decibel and the bit rate increased by an average of 0.76%. Comparison of the proposed method with other recently suggested methods indicates the superiority of the proposed method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Information hiding
  • Motion vector
  • HEVC standard
  • Inter prediction

مراجع

[1] P. Bo and Y. Jie, "A Reversible Information Hiding Method Based on HEVC," IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 51, pp. 238-243, 2018/01/01/ 2018.
[2] S. A. El_Rahman, "A comparative analysis of image steganography based on DCT algorithm and steganography tool to hide nuclear reactors confidential information," Computers & Electrical Engineering, vol. 70, pp. 380-399, 2018/08/01/ 2018.
[3] M. Khairullah, "A novel steganography method using transliteration of Bengali text," Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences, 2018/02/17/ 2018.
[4] D. Hou, H. Wang, W. Zhang, and N. Yu, "Reversible data hiding in JPEG image based on DCT frequency and block selection," Signal Processing, vol. 148, pp. 41-47, 2018/07/01/ 2018.
[5] Yang, Yiyuan, Zhaohong Li, Wenchao Xie, and Zhenzhen Zhang. "High capacity and multilevel information hiding algorithm based on pu partition modes for HEVC videos." Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 78, no. 7,pp. 8423-8446, 2019.
[6] M. Long, F. Peng, and H.-y. Li, "Separable reversible data hiding and encryption for HEVC video," Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, vol. 14, pp. 171-182, 2018.
[7] S. Swati, K. Hayat, and Z. Shahid, "A watermarking scheme for high efficiency video coding (HEVC)," PloS one, vol. 9, p. e105613, 2014.
[8] Li, Dong, Yingnan Zhang, Xinchao Li, Ke Niu, Xiaoyuan Yang, and YuJuan Sun. "Two-dimensional histogram modification based reversible data hiding using motion vector for H. 264." Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 78, no. 7, pp.8167-8181, 2019.
[9] Konyar, Mehmet Zeki, Orhan Akbulut, and Sıtkı Öztürk. "Matrix encoding-based high-capacity and high-fidelity reversible data hiding in HEVC." Signal, Image and Video Processing, pp.1-9, 2020.
[10] Xu, Dawen. "Commutative Encryption and data hiding in HEVC Video Compression." IEEE Access 7, pp. 66028-66041, 2019.
[11] F. Gui and H. Xue, "A Reversible Data Hiding Scheme for HEVC," in Computational Intelligence and Design (ISCID), 2017 10th International Symposium on, 2017, pp. 34-37.
[12] P.-C. Chang, K.-L. Chung, J.-J. Chen, C.-H. Lin, and T.-J. Lin, "A DCT/DST-based error propagation-free data hiding algorithm for HEVC intra-coded frames," Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 25, pp. 239-253, 2014.
[13] J. Wang, R. Wang, W. Li, D. Xu, and M. Huang, "A high-capacity information hiding algorithm for HEVC based on intra prediction mode," J. Comput. Inform. Syst, vol. 10, pp. 8933-8943, 2014.
[14] Yang, Jie, and Songbin Li. "An efficient information hiding method based on motion vector space encoding for HEVC." Multimedia Tools and Applications, vol. 77, no. 10, pp. 11979-12001, 2018.
[15] Dorfeshan, Navid, and Mohammadreza Ramezanpour. "Compressed Domain Scene Change Detection Based on Transform Units Distribution in High Efficiency Video Coding Standard." Journal of Computer & Robotics, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 41-48, 2018.
[16] Heidari, Behnam, and Mohammadreza Ramezanpour. "Reduction of intra-coding time for HEVC based on temporary direction map." Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, pp. 1-13, 2019.
[17] Najafabadi, Narjes, and Mohammadreza Ramezanpour. "Mass center direction-based decision method for intraprediction in HEVC standard." Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, pp. 1-16, 2019.
[18] Fan, Li, Tiegang Gao, Qunting Yang, and Yanjun Cao. "An extended matrix encoding algorithm for steganography of high embedding efficiency." Computers & Electrical Engineering, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 973-981, 2011.
[19] J.-V. HEVC. (2018). High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Available Online at: https://hevc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/trac/hevc/browser/tags/HM-16.18
[20] F. Bossen, "Common test conditions and software reference configurations," JCTVC-L1100, vol. 12, 2013.
[21] S. Sharda and S. Budhiraja, "Image steganography: A review," International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering (IJETAE), vol. 3, pp. 707-710, 2013.
[22] Z. Wang, A. C. Bovik, H. R. Sheikh, and E. P. Simoncelli, "Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity," IEEE transactions on image processing, vol. 13, pp. 600-612, 2004.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار