An intelligent and robust watermarking scheme using optimal values of scaling factors and contourlet coefficients

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Computer Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Computer Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Computer Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Scheming a digital image watermarking system with the simultaneous improvement of robustness, imperceptibility and capacity is one of the main challenges in this area. In the present paper, it is discussed a new blind and robust hybrid intelligent technique of watermarking in the frequency domain using the differential evolution algorithm, Contourlet transform, singular value decomposition (SVD) and Arnold transform to simultaneously improve these features. In this scheme, the host image is transformed to the frequency domain by applying the Contourlet transform, and the optimal values of Contourlet coefficients and scaling factors are selected using the differential evolution algorithm. To increase the security of the proposed algorithm, the watermark image was scrambled by using an Arnold transform Then SVD transform is performed on the scrambled image and the selected frequency coefficients before the embedding process. The experimental results and the analytical comparison of the proposed scheme show that along with the good increase in the capacity of watermark, the value of imperceptibility has been increased to a noticeable amount of 72 dB, and the robustness has also been significantly improved against 20 different attacks.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Advanced Signal Processing

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 12 July 2023

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